Talk of India, China dominates Wharton summit

India and China were the main topics of interest at The Wharton Economic Summit held last month by the University of Pennsylvania's The Wharton School in Philadelphia.

Several panelists across all sessions highlighted the underlying importance of the two Asian nations and the value they hold for companies to do business. Senior economists and top-level managers stressed the need for companies to look at China and India and their booming potential.

Their message was succinct — multinationals cannot encompass the concept of globalization without having set foot either in India or China.

In a lunch session, Wharton professor of finance Jeremy Siegel took this a step further in discussing some of his findings from closely monitoring China and India. According to his research, China and India will jump to the first and third positions, respectively, in terms of consumption of goods by 2050. The United States will be sandwiched between the two and he pointed out that companies should not view this Asian explosion as a threat, but should consider it an opportunity to target a population of almost 2 billion and the vast potential it holds.

Following Siegel's thoughts, panel sessions focusing on outsourcing and emerging markets drew some of the largest crowds of the summit.

In the session on emerging markets, Manuel Montero, the chief executive officer of SAFTPAY, a non-credit card company that offers a payment system allowing bank customers worldwide to make e-commerce transactions, said that 86 percent of the world population is part of emerging markets.

"Even though 86 percent of the world population comes from these emerging markets, they constitute only 23 percent of the world economies," Montero said. "So, it's very difficult to find the perfect partner country. You have to select the country and have to understand the culture and how the country functions. You have to make sure that you have a commitment and also a strong, close and continuous management."

Montero focused predominantly on the Latin American markets while Rohit Aggerwal, co-founder and managing director of RAS Capital Management, focused on India.

He laid out several favorable facts that would entice potential entrepreneurs to do business in India. A 13-year veteran of handling foreign investments in India, he said that the greatest asset of India was its human capital.

"The greatest asset that has India going is its population," Aggerwal said. "Fifty percent of the population is under 25 and that represents a large, potential workforce entering employment."
He attributed India's sudden spurt of growth to a favorable economic climate in the last 10 years.

"Between 1998 and 2007, cable subscribers have gone from 25 million to 85 million," Aggerwal said. "Cell phone users have gone from a million to 120 million. There has been a huge explosion in consumer service.

"The interest rate has come down from 40 percent to 10 percent," he said. "Inflation has fairly come under control. There is a strong flow of foreign investment and that has resulted in an increase in mergers and acquisitions."

Finally, Shiv Khemka, vice chairman of the Sun Group, summed it up when talking about choosing the perfect partner to do business with in emerging markets.

"You have to choose the right partner," Khemka, who spoke about the benefits of Russia, said. "Get the best human capital and have a long-term view in these emerging markets. These are the keys to succeed in these regions."

Rajat Gupta, senior partner at McKinsey & Co., was the keynote speaker of The Wharton Economic Summit. Panels throughout the two-day summit, held on April 12 and April 13 at the Pennsylvania Convention Center, covered a number of business topics, including the future of technology, "Wall Street meets Hollywood," sports business, real estate and security.

The summit also featured a focus on ethical issues confounding business organizations and on equity markets.